San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, is the oldest existing representative republic and the European state with the smallest population, excluding the Vatican City. It is the larger of the two microstates surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world, with …San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, is the oldest existing representative republic and the European state with the smallest population, excluding the Vatican City. It is the larger of the two microstates surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world, with a land area of just over 61 km² and a population of 33,642, as of 2023. It is among the 46 member States of the Council of Europe, member of the Eurozone but not of the European Union.
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