The study of banded iron formations (BIFs) offers a unique window into early Earth’s geochemical cycles and the evolution of its oceans and atmosphere. These sedimentary deposits, characterised by ...

Rocks in West Greenland resemble cake marbled with chocolate and vanilla. They’re now the oldest evidence of Earth’s magnetic field. Isua Supracrustal Belt rocks contain an alternating banded iron ...

The layers you see in this image were once iron-rich and silica-rich sediments that settled on an ancient sea floor 2.7–2.4 billion years ago. Credit: The Australian Museum The layers you see in this ...

This photo shows an example of the 3.7 billion year-old banded iron formation found in the northeastern part of the Isua Supracrustal Belt. Geologists at MIT and Oxford University have uncovered ...

Rivers may have operated on a global scale around 3.5 billion years ago. The new find comes courtesy of ancient rocks in China and South Africa. A change in rock chemistry around that time provides ...

An example of the 3.7 billion year old banded iron formation that is found in the northeastern part of the Isua Supracrustal Belt. Credit: Claire Nichols. The image can be used for editorial purposes ...

Stephen has degrees in science (Physics major) and arts (English Literature and the History and Philosophy of Science), as well as a Graduate Diploma in Science Communication. Stephen has degrees in ...