Concrete is one of the most frequently used building materials worldwide. The distinctive characteristics like strength, durability, low-maintenance, energy-efficient, sustainability are the reasons ...

Concrete has excellent durability; that is why it is the most widely used construction material. However, design and construction practices, material limitations, and exposure to severe weather ...

Various types of loads and forces act on a retaining wall, and their calculation is essential for its design. These forces on the retaining wall depends on multiple factors which are discussed. Loads ...

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